These include: Being overweight or obese High blood pressure History of heart disease Physical inactivity Testing should be done every 3 years, and more frequently if your results show you have prediabetes. You may also need an HbA1c test if you have symptoms of diabetes.
These include: Increased thirst Increased urination Blurred vision Fatigue. What happens during an HbA1c test? Will I need to do anything to prepare for the test? You don't need any special preparations for an HbA1c test. Are there any risks to the test? What do the results mean? HbA1c results are given in percentages. Typical results are below. Normal : HbA1c below 5. Is there anything else I need to know about an HbA1c test?
References American Diabetes Association [Internet]. Common Terms; [updated Apr 7; cited Jan 4]; [about 2 screens]. Atlanta: U. American Association for Clinical Chemistry; c— Diabetes; [updated Dec 12; cited Jan 4]; [about 2 screens]. Hemoglobin A1c; [updated Jan 4; cited Jan 4]; [about 2 screens]. This can be a result of the following factors:.
Your results can vary because of natural changes in your blood glucose level. For example, your blood glucose level moves up and down when you eat or exercise. Sickness and stress also can affect your blood glucose test results. The following chart shows how multiple blood glucose measurements over 4 days compare with an A1C measurement.
The straight black line shows an A1C measurement of 7. The blue line shows an example of how blood glucose test results might look from self-monitoring four times a day over a 4-day period. Conditions that change the life span of red blood cells, such as recent blood loss, sickle cell disease , erythropoietin treatment, hemodialysis , or transfusion, can change A1C levels. A falsely high A1C result can occur in people who are very low in iron; for example, those with iron-deficiency anemia. Other causes of false A1C results include kidney failure or liver disease.
People in these groups may have a different type of hemoglobin, known as a hemoglobin variant, which can interfere with some A1C tests. Most people with a hemoglobin variant have no symptoms and may not know that they carry this type of hemoglobin.
Not all A1C tests are unreliable for people with a hemoglobin variant. People with false results from one type of A1C test may need a different type of A1C test to measure their average blood glucose level. The NGSP provides information for health care professionals about which A1C tests are appropriate to use for specific hemoglobin variants.
Read about diabetes blood tests for people of African, Mediterranean, or Southeast Asian descent. Even when the same blood sample is repeatedly measured in the same lab, the results may vary because of small changes in temperature, equipment, or sample handling. Health care professionals understand these variations and repeat lab tests for confirmation. Diabetes develops over time, so even with variations in test results, health care professionals can tell when overall blood glucose levels are becoming too high.
When repeated, the A1C test result can be slightly higher or lower than the first measurement. This means, for example, an A1C reported as 6. Health care professionals can visit www. Your health care professional may use the A1C test to set your treatment goals, modify therapy, and monitor your diabetes management. Experts recommend that people with diabetes have an A1C test at least twice a year.
People will have different A1C targets, depending on their diabetes history and their general health. You should discuss your A1C target with your health care professional. Studies have shown that some people with diabetes can reduce the risk of diabetes complications by keeping A1C levels below 7 percent.
Managing blood glucose early in the course of diabetes may provide benefits for many years to come. However, an A1C level that is safe for one person may not be safe for another.
For example, keeping an A1C level below 7 percent may not be safe if it leads to problems with hypoglycemia , also called low blood glucose.
Less strict blood glucose control, or an A1C between 7 and 8 percent—or even higher in some circumstances—may be appropriate in people who have. Estimated average glucose eAG is calculated from your A1C. This relatively simple blood test can tell you a lot. The test results give you a picture of your average blood sugar level over the past two to three months. The higher the levels, the greater your risk of developing diabetes complications.
If you're not meeting your goals or you change treatments, you may need to get an A1C test more often. When it comes to the numbers, there's no one-size-fits-all target. A1C target levels can vary by each person's age and other factors, and your target may be different from someone else's. A1C test results are reported as a percentage.
The higher the percentage, the higher your blood sugar levels over the past two to three months. The A1C test can also be used for diagnosis, based on the following guidelines:.
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